Multi-faults diagnosis of rolling bearings via adaptive customization of flexible analytical wavelet bases

Multi-faults detection is a challenge for rolling bearings due to the mode mixture and coupling of multiple fault features, as well as its easy burying in the complex, non-stationary structural vibrations and strong background noises. In this paper, a method based on the flexible analytical wavelet transform (FAWT) possessing fractional scaling and translation factors is proposed to identify multiple faults occurred in different components of rolling bearings. During the route of the proposed method, the proper FAWT bases are constructed via genetic optimization algorithm (GA) based on maximizing the spectral correlated kurtosis (SCK) which is firstly presented and proved to be efficient and effective in indicating interested fault mode. Via using the customized FAWT bases for each interested fault mode, the original vibration measurements are decomposed into fine frequency subbands, and the sensitive subband which enhances the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is selected to exhibit the fault signature on its envelope spectrum. The proposed method is tested via simulated signals, and applied to analyze the experimental vibration measurements from the running roller bearings subjected to outrace, inner-race and roller defects. The analysis results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method in identifying multi-faults occurred in different components of rolling bearings.     

高空飞行环境中液体运载火箭底部热环境研究

采用数值模拟和飞行测试验证相结合的方法对液体运载火箭高空对流/辐射耦合换热问题开展系统深入研究。基于燃气多组分输运Navier-Stokes方程、热辐射方程、Realizable k-ε两方程湍流模型，建立了高空含自由流的运载火箭燃气喷流流动模型。辐射模型采用离散坐标法(DOM)，空间离散采用二阶迎风TVD格式，对多个典型飞行高度火箭底部热流进行大型并行计算，将数值结果与试验数据进行广泛对比，验证了计算模型的精度和有效性。数值研究表明，火箭底部辐射热流在刚起飞阶段达到最大值，随着飞行高度上升，辐射热流逐渐降低，火箭底部对流热流表现为先升高后降低的趋势，并在20 km高空达到峰值。本文的预测分析方法对液体运载火箭底部热防护设计具有重要的理论意义和工程应用价值。     

旋转爆震发动机轴向脉冲爆震模态的实验研究

实验研究了环形燃烧室中的轴向脉冲爆震现象，结合高频动态压力测量以及尾部高速摄影，对轴向脉冲爆震模态的工作过程进行了分析。实验结果表明，对于氢气与空气混合物，当出口阻塞比大于或等于0.6且出口最小截面积处的质量通量大于200 kg/（m2·s）时，燃烧室出现轴向传播的爆震波；爆震波在每个周期内将经历解耦与重新起爆的过程，出口截面反射的激波在燃烧室头部发展成为爆震波，并伴随剧烈发光现象。爆震波在周期内的平均传播速度与燃烧产物声速相当，采用线性声学理论可以对该模态下的工作频率进行较好的预测。     

同步双小行星系统共振轨道设计

研究了同步双小行星系统中共振轨道的设计方法及演化规律。首先，基于双椭球模型建立探测器运动方程，并给出共振轨道初值选取方法。然后，利用改进并行打靶法，提出一种双小行星系统平面共振轨道两步修正方法。同时结合稳定性理论及分岔理论，给出双小行星系统三维共振轨道生成和延拓方法；最后，以双小行星系统1999KW4为例，设计了共振比为1∶1,1∶2,1∶3,1∶4,2∶3的平面和空间共振轨道族，并分析了共振轨道的特性及轨道周期和轨道能量的变化规律。给出的双小行星系统中共振轨道的设计方法具有普适性，对未来双小行星系统探测任务中的轨道设计具有一定的参考意义与借鉴价值。     

Orbital stability close to asteroid 624 Hektor using the polyhedral model

We investigate the orbital stability close to the unique L4-point Jupiter binary Trojan asteroid 624 Hektor. The gravitational potential of 624 Hektor is calculated using the polyhedron model with observational data of 2038 faces and 1021 vertexes. Previous studies have presented three different density values for 624 Hektor. The equilibrium points in the gravitational potential of 624 Hektor with different density values have been studied in detail. There are five equilibrium points in the gravitational potential of 624 Hektor no matter the density value. The positions, Jacobian, eigenvalues, topological cases, stability, as well as the Hessian matrix of the equilibrium points are investigated. For the three different density values the number, topological cases, and the stability of the equilibrium points with different density values are the same. However, the positions of the equilibrium points vary with the density value of the asteroid 624 Hektor. The outer equilibrium points move away from the asteroid’s mass center when the density increases, and the inner equilibrium point moves close to the asteroid’s mass center when the density increases. There exist unstable periodic orbits near the surface of 624 Hektor. We calculated an orbit near the primary’s equatorial plane of this binary Trojan asteroid; the results indicate that the orbit remains stable after 28.8375?d.     

基于特征线理论的旋转爆震流场结构特征研究

特征线理论及其计算方法是气体动力学的经典理论与方法，应用于旋转爆震流场分析具有简单高效的特点。将坐标系建立在爆震波上，对旋转爆震流场进行简化，采用特征线理论并结合流场计算单元过程，建立旋转爆震流场计算模型。研究了当量比和喷注参数对氢气/空气、甲烷/空气以及辛烷/空气3种不同预混气的旋转爆震流场结构特征的影响。结果表明:爆震波高度和倾斜角度受混气当量比和喷注总温影响明显；燃料由小分子氢燃料变为大分子碳氢燃料时，爆震波高度和倾斜角度逐渐减小；混气当量比和喷注总温主要通过影响爆震波传播速度、高度和倾斜角度而影响爆震波后宏观流场特征趋势。     

火箭空中爆炸冲击波峰值超压预测方法

研究火箭空中爆炸冲击波参数预测方法对于乘员舱的安全评估具有重要意义。为了探究火箭空中爆炸时飞行高度对峰值超压的影响，获取冲击波参数快速预测方法，利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA有限元软件对火箭飞行至0~20 km高度爆炸进行了有限元仿真分析。结果表明，作用于乘员舱的冲击波峰值超压随飞行高度的增加而快速减小。火箭空中爆炸冲击波压强衰减系数与飞行高度之间的关系服从二次函数衰减。在此基础上，提出了考虑高度效应的火箭空中爆炸冲击波峰值超压预测公式，可为乘员舱的快速危害性评估以及防护研究提供一定参考。      

Families of halo orbits in the elliptic restricted three-body problem for a solar sail with reflectivity control devices

Solar sail halo orbits designed in the Sun-Earth circular restricted three-body problem (CR3BP) provide inefficient reference orbits for station-keeping since the disturbance due to the eccentricity of the Earth’s orbit has to be compensated for. This paper presents a strategy to compute families of halo orbits around the collinear artificial equilibrium points in the Sun-Earth elliptic restricted three-body problem (ER3BP) for a solar sail with reflectivity control devices (RCDs). In this non-autonomous model, periodic halo orbits only exist when their periods are equal to integer multiples of one year. Here multi-revolution halo orbits with periods equal to integer multiples of one year are constructed in the CR3BP and then used as seeds to numerically continue the halo orbits in the ER3BP. The linear stability of the orbits is analyzed which shows that the in-plane motion is unstable while the out-of-plane motion is neutrally stable and a bifurcation is identified. Finally, station-keeping is performed which shows that a reference orbit designed in the ER3BP is significantly more efficient than that designed in the CR3BP, while the addition of RCDs improve station-keeping performance and robustness to uncertainty in the sail lightness number.     

视觉测振技术在柔性太阳翼模态试验中的应用

针对8 m×5 m的柔性太阳翼在倒立状态下进行模态试验，设计数字摄像视觉测振系统，基于图像特征跟踪法实现了从相机标定、图像采集、信息提取到三维振动数据获取的过程，通过工况模态辨识方法获取了柔性太阳翼模态频率及振型等动力学参数。并考虑空气和重力影响建立太阳翼有限元模型，通过与基于基恩士激光位移传感器的传统模态试验结果及仿真分析结果进行对比，验证了基于视觉测振工况模态试验方法的准确性，为柔性太阳翼在轨模态辨识奠定基础。     

超静超稳卫星碰振动力学建模

针对分离式卫星载荷模块(PM)受到扰动时可能与服务模块(SM)发生碰撞的问题，综合音圈电机反电动势(back-EMF)和柔性线缆动力学的效应，基于牛顿欧拉法建立了分离式卫星(DFP)载荷模块动力学模型。基于Hertz接触理论，推导了分离式卫星碰撞过程中连续接触力模型，并分析了碰撞过程中产生的接触力对载荷模块指向精度和指向稳定度的影响。数值仿真结果表明，碰撞使得载荷模块指向精度和指向稳定度下降5个数量级，碰撞后载荷模块可再次恢复到超静超稳工作状态，恢复时间超过1400 s。本文建立的碰撞模型对研究分离式卫星碰撞规避和碰撞控制具有重要意义。